The farrago of a sport that is the modern pentathlon owes its rarefied existence to Pierre de Coubertin, the father of the modern Olympics, who, according to legend, imagined it as a test of mettle for a typical French cavalry officer. Caught behind enemy lines, such a man might have to fence with and shoot at his pursuers; run toward safety; swim across a body of water; and ride away on a random horse he happened to encounter.
But many things that made sense in the 19th century seem less persuasive in the 21st. So, drifting toward obsolescence and facing eviction from the Olympics after an accusation of horse abuse in the Tokyo Games, modern pentathlon’s governing body voted in 2021 to overhaul itself for the contemporary era.