The coronavirus pandemic made the summer transfer window very different from its predecessors but, with football back on the agenda, the January window was open as normal for Europe's top leagues.
Though clubs spent nearly €1.5 billion less ($1.9bn) in the summer than they did the previous year, according to FIFA, a number of deals were agreed in October to be completed in January (see Jan. 2). It is traditionally a quieter month, but will the global events see some different strategies for the top sides?
Here are the grades for all the major deals.