Vincent will be out for 'weeks' after sustaining knee ligament damage in the incident at Crystal Palace on Saturday that also left him concussed, Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola has confirmed.
Kompany went off before half-time at Selhurst Park after colliding with his own goalkeeper Claudio Bravo and falling awkwardly.
Although he has recovered from the concussion, the damage to the City's captain's medial knee ligament will keep him out for significantly longer.
It represents yet another setback for Kompany who has been plagued by injury over the last two years, plunging his future at the Etihad into doubt.