The Egyptian scored 44 goals for the Reds in his debut season to help the club secure a second successive top-four finish in the Premier League and reach the Champions League final.
Salah also represented his country at the World Cup, scoring twice as the Pharaohs were eliminated after the group stage in Russia.
The 26-year-old is in contention with Modric and Ronaldo for the prize after an initial 10-man shortlist was whittled down and revealed on Monday.
The winner of the honour, to be announced at a ceremony in London on Monday September 24, will be decided by the votes of fans, national team coaches and captains, and journalists.