Burnley would need to pay back "a significant proportion" of a £65m loan at the end of the season if relegated from the Premier League.
The loan was taken out as part of the club's takeover by ALK Capital in December 2020.
The information is contained in the release of the club's latest financial accounts to 31 July 2021.
The club does say in the event of relegation it is "satisfied" it would retain the support of its lenders.
However, the information is bound to spark concern among fans given the delicate position of Burnley in the Premier League table.