Rusney Castillo, who hasn't made much of an impact since signing with the Red Sox last August, was promoted from Triple-A Pawtucket to take Victorino's spot in the starting lineup.
Victorino was slated to hit second for the Red Sox in Monday's game against the White Sox until the trade, which was announced approximately one hour before the first pitch.
The outfielder was plagued by injuries the last two seasons, but is currently healthy. The 34-year-old outfielder hit .245 with two doubles, a homer and four RBIs in 33 games in 2015.
Victorino was a prominent player for two World Series championship teams -- the 2008 Phillies and the '13 Red Sox.