Cristiano Ronaldo completed his shock move back to Manchester United on transfer deadline day to help push Premier League clubs' outlay past £1bn - but overall spending has dropped for the second year in a row.
The Portugal forward's eye-catching Old Trafford return was one of the early moves to be rubber-stamped on Tuesday, before England's summer window closed at 23:00 BST.
The biggest deal was Nikola Vlasic's £26.8m move from CSKA Moscow to West Ham, while Chelsea left it late to sign Saul Niguez on loan from Atletico Madrid.
However, there would be no late move for Kylian Mbappe as Paris St-Germain rejected two bids from Real Madrid for the France World Cup-winning forward.